SESSION 2 (LO3)

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Information system is a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning control, coordination and decision making in an organization.

First I don’t understand but after that my lecturer explained about this subject then I understand.Information System also Sub department focuses on systems to (re)design and support operational business processes in this tension field between business requirements pull and technology push.

TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM( IS)

3 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

 

Why do we need to use a Methodology? We learned that it makes the analysis and design process more accessible to non-experts. Also, to introduce structure into design and make it more manageable. After this short brief, we had an activity which we had to search and reflect on the various methodology definitions.

Later on, we learned about the types of ISD methodologies: Structured approach (SDLC): is the oldest and most known methodology used to coordinate the efforts of information systems development is known as the "Waterfall". It covers many activities starts from understanding why the system should be built, studying the project feasibility, analyzing problems, choosing the system design and architecture, implementing and testing it, up to delivering the system as product to the user.

Jackson System Development (JSD): method of system development that covers the software life cycle either directly or, by providing a framework into which more specialized techniques can fit. Information engineering (IE): is an approach to designing and developing information systems.

Prototyping: An easily modified and extensible model (representation, simulation or demonstration) of a planned software system, likely including its interface and input/output functionality.

Gane and Sarsons (STRADIS): The methodology remains today as one of the most popular techniques for structured analysis and design of systems. I have improved my skills in ISD methodologies by this week clearly. I had some doubts and I asked my lecturer and I cleared. It was really nice. I now be able to define in general terms what is a methodology, I understood the role of methodologies in information systems, I can describe the main features of methodologies as well as i understood the basic concept and function of methodologies which are extensively used by developer to complete various tasks.

I had to get ready for case study which would be given in the following week.

COMPONENTS OF IS: DATABASE

In this lesson I’m really happy to study be for I don’t understand but after my lovely lecturer explained and then I can understand about this lesson.  So right now I would like to describe about Database.

A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

In  computing, databases are sometimes classified according to their organizational approach. The most prevalent approach is the relational database, a tabular database in which data is defined so that it can be reorganized and accessed in a number of different ways. A distributed database is one that can be dispersed or replicated among different points in a network. An object-oriented programming database is one that is congruent with the data defined in object classes and sub classes.

In this week we learned about database also we did the case study for ISD methodology presentation as a group activity. It was easy for me because last I had a good understanding in this topic as well as I did so many readings as well. I had to explain about Factory in Cambodia  and what are the information systems they are using and which method we prefer as a methodology to implement the system. I should say that it was a good activity because when you are searching for material in Internet you are given a plenty of information and you need to go through and choose the one that explains best. So, in this way you start to understand your topic even if it is quite difficult. It was really useful for me to get better understandings.

We learned that database is the container or a collection of data. And it has four components: data, relationships, constraint, and schema….Database management system: it’s software that create database. For example, Microsoft access and then we learned that DBMS performs five primary functions: define, create and organize a database, input data, process data, maintain data integrity and security (it allows limited access of the database), and query database.

Later on, we moved to the Database system and this is different than data management system, and it is a computer based record keeping system.

We were exposed to the advantages of database system, it improves security, improves data integrity, controls redundancy and efficiency in accessing data.

There are four types of database model: Hierarchical database (organizes data in a tree structure “one to many”), network database (many to many relationship), Relational database (basically a table with rows: representing Field and columns: representing Record), and Object-relational database (quite similar to relational database but this is one is highly object oriented language)